The Earth, known as the “blue planet”, is 70% covered with water, but a very large part of this water is salty. In the end, less than 1% of the total volume of water on earth is available to man and this resource is naturally misallocated.
It is not raining as much in every country in the world. Precipitation is based on the country’s latitude, terrain, proximity to the oceans, winds and seasons. Thus, some areas in the world have very large freshwater reserves, such as the American continent and Russia. On the other hand, other areas in need such as North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula are lacking.
The lack of water and infrastructure causes major problems for:
– agriculture (soil irrigation becomes difficult or even impossible),
– industry (large water consumers, factories could limit their polluting emissions),
– health (water unfit for consumption leads to a proliferation of diseases, causing the death of 8 million people worldwide each year).
• 884 million people around the world do not have access to safe drinking water.
• 2.6 billion people do not use improved sanitation facilities.
• 1.4 million children die each year from diarrhoeal diseases. Ordinary diarrhoea remains one of the deadliest water, sanitation and hygiene related diseases, accounting for 43% of deaths.
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